Amounts like 1 1/2 and 3/4 work. Flour by volume depends on how you fill the cup, so weigh when it matters.
Every number comes from the source listed. Check marks rows where sources disagree by more than about 10%. The data lives in _data/ingredients.yml; change a row there to override it with your own measurement.
| Ingredient | Weight | Source | Cross-check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water A US cup of water physically weighs about 237 g. King Arthur rounds every 8 fl oz liquid to 8 oz (227 g). |
1 cup = 227 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1 cup = 227 g | USDA FoodData Central #174158: 1 cup = 237 g |
| Milk | 1 cup = 227 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Milk (fresh), 1 cup = 227 g | USDA FoodData Central #171265: Whole milk, 1 cup = 244 g |
| Heavy cream | 1 cup = 227 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Cream (heavy, light, or half & half), 1 cup = 227 g | USDA FoodData Central #170859: Heavy whipping cream, 1 cup fluid = 238 g |
| Plain yogurt | 1 cup = 227 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Yogurt, 1 cup = 227 g | USDA FoodData Central #171284: Plain whole-milk yogurt, 1 cup = 245 g |
| Lemon juice | 1 tbsp = 14 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1 tablespoon = 14 g | USDA FoodData Central #167747: 1 cup = 244 g (15.3 g per tbsp) |
| Chicken stock or broth Not in the King Arthur chart. |
1 cup = 240 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #172884: Chicken stock, home-prepared, 1 cup = 240 g | |
| Vanilla extract | 1 tbsp = 14 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1 tablespoon = 14 g | USDA FoodData Central #173471: 1 tbsp = 13 g |
| Butter | 8 tbsp = 113 g 1 stick = 113 g |
King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 8 tablespoons (1/2 cup) = 113 g | USDA FoodData Central #173430: 1 cup = 227 g; 1 stick = 113 g; 1 tbsp = 14.2 g |
| Vegetable oil Check Sources differ by 10%. Oil is about 0.92 g/ml, which gives ~218 g per cup, so USDA is likely closer. King Arthur's 198 g is 7 oz. |
1 cup = 198 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1 cup = 198 g | USDA FoodData Central #172336: Canola oil, 1 cup = 218 g |
| Olive oil | 1/4 cup = 50 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1/4 cup = 50 g | USDA FoodData Central #171413: 1 cup = 216 g |
| Vegetable shortening Check Sources differ by 11%. |
1/4 cup = 46 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Vegetable shortening, 1/4 cup = 46 g | USDA FoodData Central #171011: 1 cup = 205 g |
| Peanut butter | 1/2 cup = 135 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1/2 cup = 135 g | USDA FoodData Central #172470: Smooth, 1 cup = 258 g |
| Tahini | 1/2 cup = 128 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Tahini paste, 1/2 cup = 128 g | USDA FoodData Central #168604: 1 tbsp = 15 g |
| Granulated sugar | 1 cup = 198 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Sugar (granulated white), 1 cup = 198 g | USDA FoodData Central #169655: 1 cup = 200 g |
| Superfine sugar | 1 cup = 190 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Baker's Special Sugar (superfine), 1 cup = 190 g | |
| Brown sugar (packed) Assumes packed. |
1 cup = 213 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Brown sugar (dark or light, packed), 1 cup = 213 g | USDA FoodData Central #168833: 1 cup packed = 220 g; unpacked = 145 g |
| Powdered sugar | 1 cup = 113 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Confectioners' sugar (unsifted), 1 cup = 113 g | USDA FoodData Central #169656: 1 cup unsifted = 120 g; sifted = 100 g |
| Molasses | 1/4 cup = 85 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1/4 cup = 85 g | USDA FoodData Central #168820: 1 cup = 337 g |
| All-purpose flour This is my scooped cup. King Arthur's 120 g assumes fluffed, spooned, and leveled flour; USDA #168894 says 125 g. Flour by volume swings 15-20% with how you fill the cup. |
1 cup = 132 g | Measured at home: 3 scooped cups weighed 2026-09-25: 135, 129, 132 g (mean 132) | King Arthur: 1 cup = 120 g (spooned and leveled) |
| Bread flour Check Sources differ by 14%, probably because of how the cup was filled (see all-purpose flour). |
1 cup = 120 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1 cup = 120 g | USDA FoodData Central #168896: 1 cup = 137 g |
| Almond flour King Arthur lists almond meal separately at 84 g per cup. USDA has no entry. |
1 cup = 96 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Almond flour, 1 cup = 96 g | |
| Dried breadcrumbs Panko is much lighter (50 g per cup). |
1/4 cup = 28 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Breadcrumbs (dried), 1/4 cup = 28 g | |
| Chocolate chips | 1 cup = 170 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1 cup = 170 g | |
| Lentils (dry) | 1 cup = 192 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #172420: Lentils, raw, 1 cup = 192 g | |
| Chickpeas (dry) | 1 cup = 200 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #173756: Chickpeas, mature seeds, raw, 1 cup = 200 g | |
| Hazelnuts (whole) | 1 cup = 142 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Hazelnuts (whole), 1 cup = 142 g | USDA FoodData Central #170581: 1 cup whole = 135 g |
| Hazelnuts (chopped) | 1 cup = 115 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #170581: 1 cup chopped = 115 g | |
| Ground hazelnuts / hazelnut meal Check Sources differ by 16%. The hazelnut cookie recipe's own numbers (250 g = 2 cups, or 1 lb = 2 cups) don't match either one. |
1 cup = 89 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Hazelnut flour, 1 cup = 89 g | USDA FoodData Central #170581: 1 cup ground = 75 g |
| Walnuts (chopped) Assumes chopped; whole walnuts are 128 g per cup (King Arthur). |
1 cup = 113 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Walnuts (chopped), 1 cup = 113 g | USDA FoodData Central #170187: 1 cup chopped = 117 g |
| Pecans (chopped) | 1/2 cup = 57 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Pecans (diced), 1/2 cup = 57 g | USDA FoodData Central #170182: 1 cup chopped = 109 g |
| Table salt Kosher salt is much lighter by volume. See the two kosher rows. |
1 tbsp = 18 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Salt (table), 1 tablespoon = 18 g | USDA FoodData Central #173468: 1 tsp = 6 g; 1 tbsp = 18 g |
| Kosher salt (Diamond Crystal) | 1 tbsp = 8 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Salt (Kosher, Diamond Crystal), 1 tablespoon = 8 g | |
| Kosher salt (Morton) | 1 tbsp = 16 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Salt (Kosher, Morton's), 1 tablespoon = 16 g | |
| Instant yeast USDA only lists active dry yeast, which is a different product. Your pan de cristal (3/8 tsp = 1.1 g) matches King Arthur. |
1 tbsp = 9 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Yeast (instant), 1 tablespoon = 9 g (2 tsp = 6 g) | USDA FoodData Central #175043: Active dry yeast, 1 tsp = 4 g |
| Baking powder Check Sources differ by 15%, which is under 1 g per teaspoon. |
1 tsp = 4 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1 teaspoon = 4 g | USDA FoodData Central #172803: 1 tsp = 4.6 g |
| Baking soda Check Sources differ by 23%, which is about 1.4 g per teaspoon. |
1/2 tsp = 3 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 1/2 teaspoon = 3 g | USDA FoodData Central #175040: 1 tsp = 4.6 g |
| Cream of tartar | 1 tsp = 3 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #175041: 1 tsp = 3 g | |
| Ground cinnamon | 1 tsp = 2.6 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #171320: 1 tsp = 2.6 g | |
| Cumin USDA only lists whole seed. Ground cumin is probably a bit heavier. |
1 tsp = 2.1 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #170923: Cumin seed, 1 tsp whole = 2.1 g | |
| Chili powder | 1 tbsp = 8 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #171319: 1 tbsp = 8 g | |
| Tomato paste Check Sources differ by 10%. |
2 tbsp = 29 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: 2 tablespoons = 29 g | USDA FoodData Central #170459: 1 tbsp = 16 g |
| Egg (large, whole) | 1 egg = 50 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Egg (fresh), 1 large = 50 g | USDA FoodData Central #171287: 1 large = 50 g |
| Egg yolk (large) Check Sources differ by 20%. The old conversions page used 18 g (Rose Levy Beranbaum, 2003), and her 2019 post says yolks now range from 12 to 19 g. Weigh them if it matters. |
1 yolk = 14 g | King Arthur ingredient weight chart: Egg yolk (fresh), 1 large = 14 g | USDA FoodData Central #172184: 1 large = 17 g |
| Egg white (large) | 1 white = 33 g | USDA FoodData Central, SR Legacy (April 2018) #172183: 1 large = 33 g | King Arthur: Egg white (fresh), 1 large = 30 to 35 g |
When Rose wrote The Bread Bible in 2003, an average large egg’s yolk weighed 18.6 grams and its whites weighed 31.4 grams. We are now seeing yolks ranging from as low as 12 grams (and rarely as high as 19 grams), and thus usually an increase in whites per whole egg